2013年PETS3英语三级写作指导：议论文1
2013年PETS3英语三级写作指导：议论文1
议论文
议论文是作者就某个问题或事件发表自己看法的一种文体。作者旨在通过讲事实、摆道理来说明自己的见解、主张，从而使人信服。写议论文时要特别注意以下几点:
①在段首就必须提出问题和作者的观点，使读者明确你的立场;②充分运用逻辑推理来说明自己的观点，以理服人; ③说明材料(或论据)必须真实可靠，有说服力;④驳斥他人观点时，应首先承认自己的观点可能会有人反对，然后再去批驳他人的观点，这样才容易获取他人的信任，使自己的观点更加真实可靠、有说服力; ⑤结尾句进一步明白无误地阐述自己的观点，赢得读者的赞同。
下面以一篇习作《如何解决交通拥挤问题》来看看这种文章的写法。 ①为解决城市交通拥挤，有人建议建造更多的道路。②有的人则建议开辟更多的公共汽车线路。③我的建议。
How to Solve the Problem of Heavy Traffic?
With population rapidly increasing，heavy traffic has become a big headache for many cities. For this very reason，many government officials and experts have thought up some solutions，among which two draw much attention the country over.
Some people suggest that more and wider roads should be laid down. It is evident that it can relieve the traffic congestion in the streets，thus accelerating the flow of buses and cars. And meanwhile， the fast and smooth flow of traffic reduces the air pollution caused by engine-idling. But the disadvantage of this solution lies in the fact that too much land that could be used for farming or housing will inevitably be occupied by more and more roads. Therefore，others hold that the number of public bus routes should be raised so that more people can be transported and fewer people will have to travel in their own cars or ride bikes. Less use of bicycles and private cars will make the roads less crowded. Unfortunately，there is also a drawback in this solution; it will bring inconvenience to those who live or work far away from bus stops.
As neither of the two solutions is effective enough to solve the problem of heavy traffic in cities，I favor a combination of the two. While building more roads in places where land is less useful，we should increase the number of public bus lines. Only in this way can we more efficiently solve the problem of heavy traffic.
【译文】 如何解决交通拥挤的问题
随着人口的迅速增长，交通拥挤已成为许多城市难以解决的问题。正是由于这种原因，许多政府官员以及专家提出了一些解决方案，其中有两个引起了全国的极大关注。
有人建议建造更多更宽的道路。很明显，这样会缓解道路交通的拥挤，从而加快车速。同时，快速而又流畅的车辆还会减少由发动机变速导致的空气污染。但此种方案的不足之处在于这样一个事实;建造道路会不可避免地占用过多的土地，而这些土地本来是可以用于耕作或建房的。故此，另一些人主张开辟更多的公共汽车线路，使更多的人不去驾车或骑车，而是让他们去乘坐公交汽车。这样一来，也可以降低道路拥挤。不幸的是，它也有缺陷，即给那些远离公共汽车站的人的生活和工作带来不便。
由于这两种解决方案都不能有效地解决城市交通拥挤问题，我赞成采取将两者结合起来的方法。一方面在土地不紧张的地方建造更多的道路，另一方面增加公共汽车线路。只有用这种方法，我们才能更有效地解决交通拥挤问题。当然，我们也可以运用作文模式来写议
论文。