2014年6月大学英语六级模拟试题及答案
2014年6月大学英语六级模拟试题及答案
2014年6月全国大学生英语六级考试试卷
Part Ⅰ Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Digital Age. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below:
1.如今数字化产品得到越来越广泛的使用，例如……
2.数字化产品的使用对人们的工作、学习、生活产生的影响。
Digital Age
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Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
1. A) Proceed in his own way. C) Compromise with his colleague.
B) Stick to the original plan. D) Try to change his colleague’s mind.
2. A) Mary has a keen eye for style. C) Nancy and Mary went shopping together in Rome.
B) Nancy regrets buying the dress. D) Nancy and Mary like to follow the latest fashion.
3. A) Wash the dishes. C) Pick up George and Martha.
B) Go to the theatre. D) Take her daughter to hospital.
4. A) She enjoys making up stories about other people.
B) She can never keep anything to herself for long.
C) She is eager to share news with the woman.
D) She is the best informed woman in town.
5. A) A car dealer. C) A driving examiner.
B) A mechanic. D) A technical consultant.
6. A) The shopping mall has been deserted recently.
B) Shoppers can only find good stores in the mall.
C) Lots of people moved out of the downtown area.
D) There isn’t much business downtown nowadays.
7. A) He will help the woman with her reading.
B) The lounge is not a place for him to study in.
C) He feels sleepy whenever he tries to study.
D) A cozy place is rather hard to find on campus.
8. A) To protect her from getting scratches. C) To prevent mosquito bites.
B) To help relieve her of the pain. D) To avoid getting sunburnt.
Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
9. A) In a studio. C) At a beach resort.
B) In a clothing store. D) At a fashion show.
10. A) To live there permanently. C) To find a better job to support herself.
B) To stay there for half a year. D) To sell leather goods for a British company. 11. A) Designing fashion items for several companies.
B) Modeling for a world-famous Italian company.
C) Working as an employee for Ferragamo.
D) Serving as a sales agent for Burberrys.
12. A) It has seen a steady decline in its profits.
B) It has become much more competitive.
C) It has lost many customers to foreign companies.
D) It has attracted a lot more designers from abroad.
Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
13. A) It helps her to attract more public attention.
B) It improves her chance of getting promoted.
C) It strengthens her relationship with students.
D) It enables her to understand people better.
14. A) Passively. B) Positively. C) Skeptically. D) Sensitively. 15. A) It keeps haunting her day and night.
B) Her teaching was somewhat affected by it.
C) It vanishes the moment she steps into her role.
D) Her mind goes blank once she gets on the stage.
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard.
16. A) To win over the majority of passengers from airlines in twenty years.
B) To reform railroad management in western European countries.
C) To electrify the railway lines between major European cities.
D) To set up an express train network throughout Europe.
17. A) Major European airlines will go bankrupt.
B) Europeans will pay much less for traveling.
C) Traveling time by train between major European cities will be cut by half.
D) Trains will become the safest and most efficient means of travel in Europe.
18. A) Train travel will prove much more comfortable than air travel.
B) Passengers will feel much safer on board a train than on a plane.
C) Rail transport will be environmentally friendlier than air transport.
D) Traveling by train may be as quick as, or even quicker than, by air.
19. A) In 1981. B) In 1989. C) In 1990. D) In 2000.
Passage Two
Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.
20. A) There can be no speedy recovery for mental patients.
B) Approaches to healing patients are essentially the same.
C) The mind and body should be taken as an integral whole.
D) There is no clear division of labor in the medical profession.
21. A) A doctor’s fame strengthens the patients’ faith in them.
B) Abuse of medicines is widespread in many urban hospitals.
C) One third of the patients depend on harmless substances for cure.
D) A patient’s expectations of a drug have an effect on their recovery.
22. A) Expensive drugs may not prove the most effective.
B) The workings of the mind may help patients recover.
C) Doctors often exaggerate the effect of their remedies.
D) Most illnesses can be cured without medication.
Passage Three
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.
23. A) Enjoying strong feelings and emotions. C) Being fond of making sensational news.
B) Defying all dangers when they have to. D) Dreaming of becoming famous one day.
24. A) Working in an emergency room. C) Listening to rock music.
B) Watching horror movies. D) Doing daily routines.
25. A) A rock climber. B) A psychologist.
C) A resident doctor. D) A career consultant.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
Harvard and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology are top of a global league table of university reputation—in a top 100 26 by U.S. institutions.
Cambridge and Oxford make the top 10—but other U.K. universities have 27 , while Asian institutions have risen.
The rankings are based on the 28 of 17,000 academics. This list is an attempt to quantify the elusive but important quality of 29 in higher education—with its findings 30 the opinions of academics around the world.
The fast such ranking by the Times Higher Education magazine, published last year, had the same top five as this year—with the two Boston-based 31 , Harvard and M1T, in first and second place.
Cambridge was once again the highest ranking U.K. university in third place, 32 Stanford and University of California, Berkeley. But Phil Baty, editor of the Times Higher Education rankings, says there is an 33 picture of U.K. universities downwards—with fewer in the top 100 and a 34 for others including Imperial College London and University College London. "Our global reputation as the home of outstanding universities has been hit," he said.
Reflecting the rise of Asian countries as the new education superpowers, there is an increasing presence for countries such as People’s Republic of China, Japan, Singapore and South Korea.
35 its size and population, Switzerland is also seen as performing well, with three universities in the world’s top 100 universities.
Such rankings published by the Times Higher Education magazine do not have an official status, but they have become an increasingly significant part of how universities market themselves to students, particularly as higher education has become more globalized.
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. Questions 36 to 45 are based on the following passage.
Women in 2011 made no significant gains in winning more top US business jobs, according to a study, but the head of the study said women are poised to make 36 in the year ahead.
The number of women who were board directors, corporate officers or top earners at Fortune 500 companies remained 37 unchanged, said the study by Catalyst, a nonprofit group that 38 opportunities for women in business.
The percentage of companies with women on the board of directors was 15.1 percent this year, compared with 14.8 percent in 2010, Catalyst said.
Also, the percentage of corporate officer positions 39 by women was 15.7 percent in 2011 and 15.4percent in 2010, it said. The percentage of top earners in 2011 who were women was 6.2 percent, compared to 6.7percent in 2010, it said.
The research on the Fortune 500 companies was 40 on data as of March 31, 2011. The slight changes in the numbers are not considered 41 significant, Catalyst said.
Nevertheless, given the changes in U. S. politics, the future for women in business looks more 42 , said Ilene Lang, president and chief executive 43 of Catalyst.
"Overall we’re 44 to see change next year," Lang said. "When we look at shareholders, decision makers, the general public, they’re looking for change. "
"What they’re basically saying is, ‘Don’t give us 45 of the status quo (现状). Get new ideas in there, get some fresh faces, ’" she said.
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A) officer I) essentially B) changes J) strides C) based K) promotes D) positions L) statistically E) more M) confused F) promising N) held G) businesslike O) expecting H) surveying |
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Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
How Marketers Target Kids
A) Kids represent an important demographic to marketers because they have their own purchasing power, they influence their parents’ buying decisions and they are the adult consumers of the future. Industry spending on advertising to children has exploded in the past decade, increasing from a mere $100 million in 1990 to more than $2 billion in 2000.
B) Parents today are willing to buy more for their kids because trends such as smaller family size, dual incomes and postponing children until later in life mean that families have more disposable income. As well, guilt can play a role in spending decisions as time-stressed parents substitute material goods for time spent with their kids. Here are some of the strategies marketers employ to target kids:
Pester(纠缠)Power
C) Today’s kids have more autonomy and decision-making power within the family than in previous generations, so it follows that kids are vocal about what they want their parents to buy. "Pester power" refers to children’ ability to nag their parents into purchasing items they may not otherwise buy. Marketing to children is all about creating pester power, because advertisers know what a powerful force it can be.
D) According to the 2001 marketing industry book Kidfluence, pestering or nagging can be divided into two categories—"persistence" and "importance". Persistence nagging (a plea, that is repeated over and over again) is not as effective as the more sophisticated "importance nagging". This latter method appeals to parents’ desire to provide the best for their children, and plays on any guilt they may have about not having enough time for their kids.
The Marriage of Psychology and Marketing
E) To effectively market to children, advertisers need to know what makes kids tick. With the help of well-paid researchers and psychologists, advertisers now have access to in-depth knowledge about children’s developmental, emotional and social needs at different ages. Using research that analyzes children’s behaviour, fantasy’ lives, art work, even their dreams, companies are able to craft sophisticated marketing strategies to reach young people.
F) The issue of using child psychologists to help marketers target kids gained widespread public attention in 1999, when a group of U. S. mental health professionals issued a public letter to the American Psychological Association (APA) urging them to declare the practice unethical. The APA is currently studying the issue.
Building Brand Name Loyalty
G) Canadian author Naomi Klein tracks the birth of "brand" marketing in her 2000 book No Logo. According to Klein, the mid-1980s saw the birth of a new kind of corporation—Nike, Calvin Klein, Tommy Hilfiger, to name a few—which changed their primary corporate focus from producing products to creating an image for their brand name. By moving their manufacturing operations to countries with cheap labour, they freed up money to create their powerful marketing messages. It has been a tremendously profitable formula, and has led to the creation of some of the most wealthy and powerful multi-national corporations the world has seen.
H) Marketers plant the seeds of brand recognition in very young children, in the hopes that the seeds will grow into lifetime relationships. According to the Center for a New American Dream, babies as young as six months of age can form mental images of corporate logos and mascots. Brand loyalties can be established as early as age two, and by the time children head off to school most can recognize hundreds of brand logos. While fast food, toy and clothing companies have been cultivating brand recognition in children for years, adult-oriented businesses such as banks and automakers are now getting in on the act.
Buzz or Street Marketing
I) The challenge for marketers is to cut through the intense advertising clutter( 杂乱) in young people’s lives. Many companies are using "buzz marketing" —a new twist on the tried-and-true "word of mouth" method. The idea is to find the coolest kids in a community and have them use or wear your product in order to create a buzz around it. Buzz, or "street marketing", as it’s also called, can help a company to successfully connect with the elusive (难找的) teen market by using trendsetters to give them products "cool" status.
J) Buzz marketing is particularly well-suited to the Internet, where young "Net promoters" use chat rooms and blogs to spread the word about music, clothes and other products among unsuspecting users.
Commercialization in Education
K) School used to be a place where children were protected from the advertising and consumer messages that permeated their world—but not anymore. Budget shortfalls ( 亏空，差额) are forcing school boards to allow corporations access to students in exchange for badly needed cash, computers and educational materials.
L) Corporations realize the power of the school environment for promoting their name and products. A school setting delivers a captive youth audience and implies the endorsement of teachers and the educational system. Marketers are eagerly exploiting this medium in a number of ways, including: 1) sponsored educational materials; 2) supplying schools with technology in exchange for high company visibility; 3) advertising posted in classrooms, school buses, on computers in exchange for funds; 4) contests and incentive programs: for example, the Pizza Hut reading incentives program in which children receive certificates for free pizza if they achieve a monthly reading goal; 5) sponsoring school events.
The Internet
M) The Internet is an extremely desirable medium for marketers wanting to target children. It’s part of youth culture. This generation of young people is growing up with the Internet as a daily and routine part of their lives. Kids are often online alone, without parental supervision. Unlike broadcasting media, which have codes regarding advertising to kids, the Internet is unregulated. Sophisticated technologies make it easy to collect information from young people for marketing research, and to target individual children with personalized advertising.
Marketing Adult Entertainment to Kids
N) Children are often aware of and want to see entertainment meant for older audiences because it is actively marketed to them. In a report released in 2000, the U. S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) revealed how the movie, music and video games industries routinely market violent entertainment to young children.
O) The FTC studied 44 films rated "Restricted", and discovered that 80 per cent were targeted to children under 17. Marketing plans included TV commercials run during hours when young viewers were most likely to be watching. The FTC report also highlighted the fact that toys based on characters from mature entertainment are often marketed to young children. Mature rated video games are advertised in youth magazines; and toys based on "Restricted" movies and M-rated video games are marketed to children as young as four.
46. Guilt can affect parents’ spending decisions because they don’t have enough time for their kids.
47. The Center for a New American Dream pointed out that brand loyalties could be formed as early as age two.
48. School boards allow corporations to access to students because they need money and educational materials badly.
49. The FTC report highlighted the fact that toys based on characters from mature entertainment are often marketed to young children.
50. For this generation of young people, the Interact is a daily and routine part of their lives.
51. According to Kidfluence, "persistence nagging" is less effective than the more sophisticated "importance nagging".
52. According to a report released by the U. S. Federal Trade Commission, the movie, music and video games industries usually market violent entertainment to young children.
53. Buzz marketing is well-suited to the Internet because the interactive environment can spread messages effectively.
54. A group of U. S. mental health professionals think that it is unethical to use child psychologists to help marketers target kids.
55. According to the Pizza Hut reading incentives program, children will receive certificates for free pizza if they achieve a monthly reading goal.
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.
Like most people, I’ve long understood that I will be judged by my occupation, that my profession is a gauge people use to see how smart or talented I am. Recently, however, I was disappointed to see that it also decides how I’m treated as a person.
Last year I left a professional position as a small-town reporter and took a job waiting tables. As someone paid to serve food to people, I had customers say and do things to me I suspect they’d never say or do to their most casual acquaintances. One night a man talking on his cell phone waved me away, then beckoned ( 示意) me back with his finger a minute later, complaining he was ready to order and asking where I’d been.
I had waited tables during summers in college and was treated like a peon (勤杂工) by plenty of people. But at 19 years old, I believed I deserved inferior treatment from professional adults. Besides, people responded to me differently after I told them I was in college. Customers would joke that one day I’d be sitting at their table, waiting to be served.
Once I graduated I took a job at a community newspaper. From my first day, I heard a respectful tone from everyone who called me. I assumed this was the way the professional world worked—cordially.
I soon found out differently. I sat several feet away from an advertising sales representative with a similar name. Our calls would often get mixed up and someone asking for Kristen would be transferred to Christie. The mistake was immediately evident. Perhaps it was because money was involved, but people used a tone with Kristen that they never used with me.
My job title made people treat me with courtesy. So it was a shock to return to the restaurant industry.
It’s no secret that there’s a lot to put up with when waiting tables, and fortunately, much of it can be easily forgotten when you pocket the tips. The service industry, by definition, exists to cater to others’ needs. Still, it seemed that many of my customers didn’t get the difference between server and servant.
I’m now applying to graduate school, which means someday I’ll return to a profession where people need to be nice to me in order to get what they want. I think I’ll take them to dinner first, and see how they treat someone whose only job is to serve them.
56. The author was disappointed to find that ________.
A) one’s position is used as a gauge to measure one’s intelligence
B) talented people like her should fail to get a respectable job
C) one’s occupation affects the way one is treated as a person
D) professionals tend to look down upon manual workers
57. What does the author intend to say by the example in the second paragraph?
A) Some customers simply show no respect to those who serve them.
B) People absorbed in a phone conversation tend to be absent-minded.
C) Waitresses are often treated by customers as casual acquaintances.
D) Some customers like to make loud complaints for no reason at all.
58. How did the author feel when waiting tables at the age of 19?
A) She felt it unfair to be treated as a mere servant by professionals.
B) She felt badly hurt when her customers regarded her as a peon.
C) She was embarrassed each time her customers joked with her.
D) She found it natural for professionals to treat her as inferior.
59. What does the author imply by saying ". . . many of my customers didn’t get the difference between server and servant" (Line 3, Para. 7)?
A) Those who cater to others’ needs are destined to be looked down upon.
B) Those working in the service industry shouldn’t be treated as servants.
C) Those serving others have to put up with rough treatment to earn a living.
D) The majority of customers tend to look on a servant as a server nowadays.
60. The author says she’ll one day take her clients to dinner in order to ________.
A) see what kind of person they are
B) experience the feeling of being served
C) show her generosity towards people inferior to her
D) arouse their sympathy for people living a humble life
Passage Two
Questions 61 to 65 are based on the following passage.
What’s hot for 2007 among the very rich? A $7.3 million diamond ring. A trip to Tanzania to hunt wild animals. Oh, and income inequality.
Sure, some leftish billionaires like George Soros have been railing against income inequality for years. But increasingly, centrist and right-wing billionaires are starting to worry about income inequality and the fate of the middle class.
In December, Mortimer Zuckerman wrote a column in U. S. News & World Report, which lie owns. "Our nation’s core bargain with the middle class is disintegrating, " lamented (哀叹) the 117th-riehest man in America. "Most of our economic gains have gone to people at the very top of the income ladder. Average income for a household of people of working age, by contrast, has fallen five years in a row. " He noted that "Tens of millions of Americans live in fear that a major health problem can reduce them to bankruptcy. "
Wilbur Ross Jr. has echoed Zuckerman’s anger over the bitter struggles faced by middle-class Americans. "It’s an outrage that any American’s life expectancy should be shortened simply because the company they worked for went bankrupt and ended health-care coverage, " said the former chairman of the International Steel Group.
What’s happening? The very rich are just as trendy as you and I, and can be so when it comes to politics and policy. Given the recent change of control in Congress, the popularity of measures like increasing the minimum wage, and efforts by California’s governor to offer universal health care, these guys don’t need their own personal weathermen to know which way the wind blows.
It’s possible that plutocrats (有钱有势的人) are expressing solidarity with the struggling middle class as part of an effort to insulate themselves from confiscatory (没收性的) tax policies. But the prospect that income inequality will lead to higher taxes on the wealthy doesn’t keep plutocrats up at night. They can live with that.
No, what they fear was that the political challenges of sustaining support for global economic integration will be more difficult in the United States because of what has happened to the distribution of income and economic insecurity.
In other words, if middle-class Americans continue to struggle financially as the ultrawealthy grow ever wealthier, it will be increasingly difficult to maintain political support for the free flow of goods, services, and capital across borders. And when the United States places obstacles in the way of foreign investors and foreign goods, it’s likely to encourage reciprocal action abroad. For people who buy and sell companies, or who allocate capital to markets all around the world, that’s the real nightmare.
61. What is the current topic of common interest among the very rich in America?
A) The fate of the ultrawealthy people.
B) The disintegration of the middle class.
C) The inequality in the distribution of wealth.
D) The conflict between the left and the right wing.
62. What do we learn from Mortimer Zuckerman’s lamentation?
A) Many middle-income families have failed to make a bargain for better welfare.
B) The American economic system has caused many companies to go bankrupt.
C) The American nation is becoming more and more divided despite its wealth.
D) The majority of Americans benefit little from the nation’s growing wealth.
63. From the fifth paragraph we can learn that ________.
A) the very rich are fashion-conscious
B) the very rich are politically sensitive
C) universal health care is to be implemented throughout America
D) Congress has gained popularity by increasing the minimum wage
64. What is the real reason for plutocrats to express solidarity with the middle class?
A) They want to protect themselves from confiscatory taxation.
B) They know that the middle class contributes most to society.
C) They want to gain support for global economic integration.
D) They feel increasingly threatened by economic insecurity.
65. What may happen if the United States places obstacles in the way of foreign investors and foreign goods?
A) The prices of imported goods will inevitably soar beyond control.
B) The investors will have to make great efforts to reallocate capital.
C) The wealthy will attempt to buy foreign companies across borders.
D) Foreign countries will place the same economic barriers in return.
Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
中医(Traditional Chinese Medicine)是中华文化不可分割的一部分，为振兴华夏做出了巨大的贡献。如今，中医和西医(western medicine)在中国的医疗保健领域并驾齐驱。中医以其独特的诊断手法、系统的治疗方式和丰富的典籍材料，备受世界瞩目。中国的中医事业由国家中医药管理局(State Administration of TCM and Pharmacology)负责。现在国家已经出台了管理中医的政策、法令和法规，引导并促进这个新兴产业的研究和开发。在定义上，中医是指导中国传统医药理论和实践的一种医学，它包括中医疗法、中草药(herbalogy)、针灸(acupuncture)、推拿(massage)和气功(qigong)。
答案：
【范文】
Digital Age
Digital products, in contemporary society, are being widely used. They have become an indispensable part in our work and life, from laptops and projectors for studying and teaching, electronic dictionaries and e-books for reading and information searching, to digital cameras and iPod for entertainments.
The influence coupled, as you can imagine, are in abundance. Firstly, digital products bring us efficiency in work by saving time and energy, contributing to the development in economy. Secondly, with all tools like e-books and digital materials, we can study more effectively. Finally, convenience that they provide to our daily life speaks for itself.
To make digital products more productive, we should have a correct attitude toward them. Appropriate use of digital products could well enhance the efficiency and make our work and study easier. On the contrary, the overuse and misuse of them would definitely do harm rather than good. Therefore, we should make good use of them, while keeping a clear mind of their disadvantages.
Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension
Section A
1. C
M: The biological project is now in trouble. You know, my colleague and I have completely different ideas about how to proceed.
W: Why don’t you compromise? Try to make it a win-win situation for you both.
Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?
【听前预测】
1.四项均以动词原形开头。
2.两项提到同事(colleague)。
结论：对话应该是工作场景，可能提问接下来要怎么做或建议某人做什么。
【解析】本题是建议题，考查女士建议男士如何做，应重点关注女士所说内容。男士说生物项目遇到麻烦了，他的同事和他意见不同。女士建议他们相互妥协，尝试达到双赢。可见女士建议男士妥协，故选C。反问句Why don’t you do sth. ?常用于提建议。
2.B
M: How does Nancy like the new dress she bought in Rome?
W: She said she would never have bought an Italian style dress if she had known Mary had already got such a dress.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
【听前预测】
1.四项提及两个人物——Mary和Nancy。
2.三项均与服饰、时尚有关(style，dress，fashion)，两项与购物有关(buying，shopping)。
结论：对话很可能与买衣服有关，注意区分两个人物的行为。
【解析】男士问女士南希觉得她在罗马买的那条裙子怎么样，女士说南希要是知道玛丽有一条一样的裙子，就不会买那条意大利风格的裙子了。由此可推断，南希后悔买了那条裙子，故选B。
3.A
M: You are not going to do all those dishes before we leave, are you? If we don’t pick up George and Martha in 25 minutes, we will never get to the theater on time.
W: Oh, didn’t I tell you? Martha called to say her daughter was ill and they could not go tonight.
Q: What is the woman probably going to do first?
【听前预测】
1.四项均以动词原形开头。
2.四项中提到了三个人物(George，Martha，her daughter)
结论：本题各项间没有相同成分，缺乏联系，因此仅靠选项很难推断对话内容。另外可推测本题提问某人的行为，注意选项中提及的人物及其行为。
【解析】本题问女士将先做什么。对话中男士问女士出门前不会要把盘子都洗完吧，接着又说，如果他们不在25分钟内去接乔治和玛莎，他们就无法准时到达电影院了。女士说玛莎打电话来说她女儿病了，他们今晚不去了。由此可知，他们不需要去接乔治和玛莎，所以女士会先洗盘子，故选A。本题需要理解整个对话内容才能做出正确选择。
4.C
M: You’ve been hanging on to the phone for quite a while. Who were you talking with?
W: Oh, it was Sally. You know, she always has the latest news in town and can’t wait to talk it over with me.
Q: What do we learn about Sally from the conversation?
【听前预测】
1.四项均以she开头。
2.两项含有woman。
结论：选项中提到了两位女性，the woman应该指的是录音中说话的女士，故she应为对话中谈及的第三人，听音时应注意与第三人相关的内容。
【解析】本题问从对话中可了解有关萨利的什么信息。男士问女士在和谁打电话，女士回答说是萨利，接着说萨利总有镇上的最新消息，而且迫不及待地想告诉她。由此可见，萨利急切地想和女士分享消息，故选C。
5. B
W: It’s always been hard to get this car into first gear, and now the clutch seems to be slipping.
M: If you leave the car with me, I will fix it for you this afternoon.
Q: Who is the woman probably speaking to?
【听前预测】四项均为职业。
结论：对话提问某人的职业。
【解析】女士说这辆车很难挂上一挡，离合也打滑。男士说如果把车放在他那，他下午可以帮忙修。由此可推断，男士是机修工，故选B。mechanic意为“机修工”。
6.D
M: Kate, why does the downtown area look deserted now?
W: Well, there used to be some really good stores, but lots of them moved out to the mall.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation?
【听前预测】
1.两项与商场有关(shopping mall，the mall)。
2.两项与市中心有关(downtown)。
3.A、C、D三项都与不景气有关(deserted，moved out of the downtown area，isn’t much business)。结论：对话与商场或市中心有关，很可能描述的是不景气的状况。
【解析】男士问女士市中心为什么这么萧条，女士说这里曾经有很多好商店，但很多都搬到商场里去了。由此可见，市中心现在没什么生意，故选D。
7.B
W: I found the lounge such a cozy place to study in. I really like the feeling in sitting on the sofa and doing the reading.
M: Well, for me the hardest part about studying here is staying awake.
Q: What does the man mean?
【听前预测】
1.三项与学习有关(reading，study)。
2.两项提到了地点(lounge，a cozy place)。
结论：对话很可能与学习有关，涉及学习的地点。
【解析】女士说她发现休息室是个学习的好地方，她很喜欢坐在沙发里读书的感觉。男士说对他来说，在休息室学习最大的困难就是保持清醒。由此可推断，男士不适合在休息室学习，故选B。
8.C
W: These mosquito bites are killing me. I can’t help scratching.
M: Next time you go camping, take some precautions, say wearing long sleeves.
Q: Why does the man suggest the woman wear long sleeves?
【听前预测】
1.四项均以不定式开头。
2.四项均与病痛或身体不适有关(scratches，pain，mosquito bites，sunburnt)。
结论：本题考查目的或原因，且该目的或原因与避免身体不适有关。
【解析】女士说蚊子咬的包快把她痒死了，她总忍不住去抓。男士建议女士下次野营时做好防护措施，比如穿长袖的衣服。由此可见，男士建议女士穿长袖衣服是为了防止蚊虫叮咬，故选C。
Conversation One
M: Hello, and [9] welcome to our program "Working Abroad". Our guest this evening is a Londoner, who lives and works in Italy. Her name’s Susan Hill. Susan, welcome to the program. You live in Florence. How long have you been living there?
W: Since 1982. But when I went there in 1982, [10] I planned to stay for only 6 months.
M: Why did you change your mind?
W: Well, I’m a designer. I design leather goods, mainly shoes, and handbags. Soon after I arrived in Florence, I got a job with one of Italy’s top fashion houses, Ferregamo. So, I decided to stay.
M: How lucky! Do you still work for Ferregamo?
W: No, [11] I’ve been a freelance designer for quite a long time now. Since 1988, in fact.
M: So does that mean you design for several different companies now?
W: Yes, that’s right. I’ve designed many fashion items for a number of Italian companies, and in the last four years, I’ve also been designing for the British company, Burberry’s.
M: What have you been designing for them?
W: Mostly handbags, and small leather goods.
M: Has the fashion industry in Italy changed since 1982?
W: Oh, yes. [12] It’s become a lot more competitive, because the quality of products from other countries has improved a lot. But Italian quality and design is still world-famous.
M: And do you ever think of returning to live in England?
W: No, not really. Working in Italy is more interesting. I also love the Mediterranean sun and the Italian lifestyle.
M: Well, thank you for talking to us, Susan.
W: It was a pleasure.
9. Where does this talk most probably take place?
10. What was the woman’s original plan when she went to Florence?
11. What has the woman been doing for a living since 1988?
12. What do we learn about the change in Italy’s fashion industry?
9.A
【听前预测】由四个选项的特点可知，本题是对地点的考查。听音时要以四个地点词为线索，集中精力听与之相关的内容，然后再根据问题做出判断。
【解析】在对话的开头，男士说：“欢迎参加我们的节目‘工作在国外’。我们今晚的嘉宾是一个伦敦人……”因此可以推断该对话发生在演播室，故A项正确。
10.B
【听前预测】
1.四项均为不定式短语。
2.两项出现了there。
3.两项含有与居住或暂住相关的词(live，stay)，两项含有与工作相关的词(find a better job，sell…goods)。
结论：该题与某人去某地居住或暂住有关，可能是去生活或工作。
【解析】对话中当男士问女士在佛罗伦萨生活了多久时，女士回答说从1982年直到现在，但是她1982年刚到那里时，本打算只待六个月，故B项为正确答案。
11.A
【听前预测】
1.四项均为现在分词短语。
2.四项为四种不同的工作类型。
结论：本题考查某人所从事的工作，听音重点为designing fashion items、modeling、employee for Ferragamo和sales agent for Burberrys。
【解析】对话中女士提到自己从1988年开始做自由设计师，故可将B、C、D三项排除。接下来男士又问她现在是不是在为几家不同的公司做设计，女士回答说是的，因此可进一步确定A为正确答案。
12.B
【听前预测】
1.四项主语均为it。
2.四项均含有与商业相关的词(profits，competitive，lost many customers，attracted a lot more designers)。
3.三项含有表消极意义的词(decline in its profits，more competitive，lost many customers)。
4.一项含有表积极意义的词(attracted a lot more designers)。
结论：本题考查的内容与公司或行业的发展情况有关。听音时要先弄清楚变化是积极的还是消极的，然后再在attracted a lot more designers和decline in its profits、lost many customers、more competitive之间作出判断。
【解析】对话中当男士问到自1982年以来意大利的时尚业有什么变化时，女士说现在的竞争更加激烈，故B项为正确答案。
Conversation Two
M: So, Claire, you’re into drama!
W: Yes, I have a master’s degree in drama and theatre. At the moment, I’m hoping to get onto a Ph. D. program.
M: What excites you about drama?
W: Well, [13] I find it’s a communicative way to study people and you learn how to read people in drama. So usually I can understand what people are saying even though they might be lying.
M: That would be useful.
W: Yeah, it’s very useful for me as well. I’m an English lecturer, so I use a lot of drama in my classes such as role plays. [14] And I ask my students to create mini-dramas. They really respond well. At the moment, I’m hoping to get onto a Ph. D. course. I’d like to concentrate on Asian drama and try to bring Asian theatre to the world’s attention. I don’t know how successful I would be, but, here’s hoping.
M: Oh, I’m sure you’ll be successful. Now, Claire, what do you do for stage fright?
W: Ah, stage fright! Well, many actors have that problem. I get stage fright every time I’m going to teach a new class. The night before, I usually can’t sleep.
M: What? For teaching?
W: Yes. I get really bad stage fright. [15] But the minute I step into the classroom or get onto the stage, it just all falls into place. Then I just feel like: Yeah, this is what I mean to do. And I’m fine.
M: Wow, that’s cool!
13. Why does the woman find study in drama and theatre useful?
14. How did the woman’s students respond to her way of teaching English?
15. What does the woman say about her stage fright?
13.D
【听前预测】
1.四项主语均为it，且四项均含有her。
2.四项都含有表积极意义的词(attract more public attention，improves，strengthens，better)。
结论：本题考查it对女士造成的积极影响。听音时要先弄清楚it指什么，然后再以四个选项中的关键词为线索，注意听具体的影响是什么。
【解析】当被问到对戏剧中的什么感兴趣时，女士回答说：“我发现戏剧是一种了解他人的交流方式，并且你能学会如何了解戏剧中的人。因此我通常能够理解别人所说的话，即使他们在撒谎。”因此可知D 项为正确答案。
14.B
【听前预测】
1.四项均为副词。
2.两项表消极意义(passively，skeptically)，一项表积极意义(positively)，一项为中性(sensitively)。
结论：该题考查某人对某事的态度或看法。听音时首先要弄清楚所问何事，然后要注意说话人的态度和语气，通过概括、判断选出正确答案。
【解析】女士在对话中提到她会在课堂上使用很多戏剧元素，在她要求学生编小戏剧时，他们的反应很好。因此可知学生对她的教学方式是肯定的，故B项正确。
15.C
【听前预测】
1.四项都提到了her，三项提到了it。
2.两项含有与困扰或影响相关的词(haunting，affected)。
结论：本题很可能考查it对女士的影响。听音时首先要听清楚it所指代的内容，然后重点听it对女士造成的具体影响。
【解析】对话中女士说：“一踏入教室或站到舞台上，一切都有条不紊了。”四个选项中只有C项“她一进入角色就不怯场了”与此句意思一致，故为正确答案。
Section B
Passage One
【听力原文】
In January 1989, [16] the Community of European Railways presented their proposal for a high speed pan-European train network extending from Sweden to Sicily, and from Portugal to Poland by the year 2020. If their proposal becomes a reality, it will revolutionize train travel in Europe. [17] Journeys between major cities will take half the time they take today. Brussels will be only one and a half hours from Paris. The quickest way to get from Paris to Frankfurt, from Barcelona to Madrid will be by train, not plane. When the network gets complete, it will integrate three types of railway line: totally new high speed lines with trains operating at speeds of 300 kilometers per hour, upgraded lines which allow for speeds up to 200 to 225kilometers per hour, and existing lines for local connections and distribution of freight. If business people can choose between a three-hour train journey from city center to city center and a one-hour flight, they’ll choose the train, says an executive travel consultant. They won’t go by plane any more. [18] If you calculate flight time, check-in and travel to and from the airport, you’ll find almost no difference. And if your plane arrives late due to bad weather or air traffic. jams or strikes, then the train passengers will arrive at their destination first. [19] Since France introduced the first 260-kilometer-per-hour high speed train service between Paris and Lyons in 1981, the trains have achieved higher and higher speeds. On many routes, airlines have lost up to 90% of their passengers to high speed trains. If people accept the Community of European Railways’ plan, the 21st century will be the new age of the train.
16. What is the proposal presented by the Community of European Railways?
17. What will happen when the proposal becomes a reality?
18. Why will business people prefer a three-hour train journey to a one-hour flight?
19. When did France introduce the first high speed train service?
【整体预测】
快速浏览本部分所有选项，由其中的关键词railroad、railway、train、travel、European/Europe可大致推断，该篇文章很可能讲的是与欧洲的铁路运输有关的内容。需要重点关注相关信息。
16. D
【解题思路】
1.三项含有与铁路有关的词(railroad，railway，train)。
2.三项提到了欧洲(European，Europe)。
结论：问题很可能与欧洲的铁路有关。
【解析】短文一开始提到，1989年1月，欧洲铁路局提议在欧洲境内建设高速铁路网。一般而言，文章的开头往往会点明全文的主旨，也是比较容易出题的地方，应重点关注。
17.C
【解题思路】
1.四项的时态都是一般将来时。
2.四项都含有与欧洲有关的词(European(s)，Europe)。
3.三项含有与出行相关的词(traveling，travel)。
4.三项含有与出行方式相关的词(airlines，train，trains)。
结论：问题很可能与欧洲人的出行方式将要发生的变化有关。
【解析】短文开头部分提到，如果欧洲铁路局的提议成为现实，主要城市之间的路程将缩短为现在的一半，故C项正确。
18.D
【解题思路】
1.四项都含有与铁路相关的词(train，rail)。
2.四项都含有形容词的比较级(more comfortable，safer，friendlier，quicker)。
3.三项含有will，为一般将来时。
结论：问题很可能与铁路交通将会有哪些优点有关。
【解析】短文提到如果从一座城市的中心到另一座城市的中心，乘火车需要三个小时而乘飞机需要一个小时的话，商务人士宁愿选择坐火车，因为将办理登机手续、飞行以及往返机场的时间加起来，也差不多有三个小时了;而且如果遇到天气不好等各种意外情况，乘火车甚至比乘飞机更快。听短文时要重点留意各个选项中的形容词的比较级。
19.A
【解题思路】选项都是具体的年份，因此本题考查的很可能是某事发生的时间。
【解析】短文末尾处提到，法国于1981年在巴黎和里昂之间引入了首趟时速达260千米的高速火车。听音时要重点留意文章中提到年代的部分。
Passage Two
【听力原文】
Western doctors are beginning to understand what traditional healers have always known that [20] the body and the mind are inseparable. Until recently, modem urban physicians heal the body, psychiatrists the mind, and priests the soul. However, the medical world is now paying more attention to holistic medicine which is an approach based on the belief that people’s state of mind can make them sick or speed their recovery from sickness. [21] Several studies show that the effectiveness of a certain drug often depends on the patient’s expectations of it. For example, in one recent study, psychiatrists at a major hospital tried to see how patients could be made calm. They divided them into two groups. One group was given a drug while the other group received a harmless substance instead of medicine without their knowledge. Surprisingly, more patients in the second group showed the desired effect than those in the first group. In study after study, there’s a positive reaction in almost one third of the patients taking harmless substances. How was this possible? How can such a substance have an effect on the body? [22] Evidence from a 1997 study at the University of California shows that several patients who received such substances were able to produce their own natural drug, that is, as they took the substance their brains released natural chemicals that act like a drug. Scientists theorized that the amount of these chemicals released by a person’s brain quite possibly indicates how much faith the person has in his or her doctor.
20. According to the speaker, what are western doctors beginning to understand?
21. What does the recent study at a major hospital seem to prove?
22. What evidence does the 1997 study at the University of California produce?
【整体预测】
快速浏览本部分所有选项，由其中的关键词doctors、patients、recovery、medicines、drugs可大致推断，该篇文章很可能与某种疾病的治疗方法有关。需要重点关注相关信息。
20.C
【解题思路】
1.三项含有与治疗疾病有关的词(recovery，healing，medical)。
2.两项含有patients(病人)。
结论：问题很可能与治疗疾病有关。
【解析】短文开头提到，西方医生开始明白传统医疗者一直都清楚的观点，即身体和心理密不可分。
21.D
【解题思路】四个选项分别提到了医疗领域的四种现象，因此本题考查的内容很可能与医学研究的结论有关。
【解析】短文指出，一些研究表明，某种药物的疗效往往取决于病人对它的期望，接下来又提到，一家大医院的心理医生做了一项试验，证实了这个结论。Several studies show that…后面往往引出结论性的内容，听音时要重点留意。
22.B
【解题思路】
1.两项含有与效果有关的词(effective，effect)。
2.四项都含有与治疗方式有关的词(drugs，mind，remedies，medication)。
结论：问题很可能与某种治疗方式的疗效有关。
【解析】短文末尾部分指出，1997年，加利福尼亚大学的研究证据表明，一些服用了某种无害物质的病人体内能够产生一种天然的化学物质，其作用与药物类似，而药物是用来治疗疾病的，可以帮助病人恢复健康。这道题有一定的难度，需在理解文章后半部分的内容后，再对其加以总结概括方能得出正确答案。
Passage Three
【听力原文】
So we’ve already talked a bit about the growth of extreme sports like rock-climbing. [25] As psychologists, we need to ask ourselves: Why is this person doing this? Why do people take these risks and put themselves in danger when they don’t have to? [23] One common trait among risk-takers is that they enjoy strong feelings or sensations. We call this trait sensation-seeking. A sensation-seeker is someone who’s always looking for new sensations. What else do we know about sensation-seekers? Well, as I said, sensation-seekers like strong emotions. You can see this trait in many parts of a person’s life, not just in extreme sports. For example, many sensation-seekers enjoy hard rock music. They like the loud sound and strong emotion of the songs. Similarly, sensation-seekers enjoy frightening horror movies. They like the feeling of being scared and horrified while watching the movie. This feeling is even stronger for extreme sports where the person faces real danger. Sensation-seekers feel the danger is very exciting. In addition, sensation-seekers like new experiences that force them to push their personal limits. [24] For them, repeating the same things every day is boring. Many sensation-seekers choose jobs that involve risk, such as starting a new business or being an emergency room doctor. These jobs are different every day, so they never know what will happen. That’s why many sensation-seekers also like extreme sports. When you do rock-climbing, you never know what will happen. The activity is always new and different.
23. According to the speaker, what is a common trait among risk-takers?
24. What do sensation-seekers find boring?
25. What is the speaker’s profession?
【整体预测】
快速浏览本部分所有选项，23题和24题的选项说的都是某人做的事情，由此可以大致推断，该篇文章很可能与某人做的事情有关。需要重点关注相关信息。
23.A
【解题思路】三项含有表示喜欢的词(enjoying，being fond of, dreaming of)，因此本题很可能考查某人或某类人的兴趣爱好。
【解析】短文指出，寻求刺激的人的一个共同特点就是喜欢刺激的感觉。原文中的strong feelings or sensations与A项中的strong feelings and emotions为同义转述。
24.D
【解题思路】四项都含有表示动作的词(working，watching，listening to，doing)，这些动词都以动名词的形式出现，因此本题很可能是以what提问，与做什么事情有关。
【解析】短文末尾部分提到，追求刺激的人喜欢那些迫使他们挑战极限的新经历，而每天重复相同的事情对于他们来说很无聊。原文中的repeating the same things与D项中的doing daily routines是同义转述。
25.B
【解题思路】四项都是职业的名称，因此本题考查的很可能是人物的身份。
【解析】本题的出题顺序有违常规，本题是这篇短文的最后一个问题，出题点却在短文开头部分，因此给答题造成了一定的难度。短文开头提到，作为心理学家，我们需要问自己如下几个问题……由此可知，说话人是位心理学家。
Section C
【参考答案】
26.dominated(被)控制，(受)支配 31.institutions机构
27.slipped下滑;滑倒 32.followed by随后是，接着是
28.perceptions看法，认识 33.underlying隐含的，潜在的
29.reputation声誉，名誉 34.decline下降，减少
30.based on以……为基础，基于 35.Relative to相对于
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
Section A
【参考译文】
一项研究报告显示，2011年美国女性在获得商界高管职位方面没有取得明显进步，但研究的负责人称明年女性已准备好取得[36]进展。
由[37]促进女性在商界的职业发展的非赢利机构Catalyst所做的这项调查指出，“财富500强”企业的董事会和管理层成员或高薪员工中女性的比例[38]基本没有变化。
Catalyst称，今年15.1%的公司董事会中有女性成员，2010年这一比例为14.8%。
此外，2011年公司的管理层职位中有15.7%由女性[39]担任，2010年为15.4%。2011年高薪员工中女性占6.2%，而2010年为6.7%。
对“财富500强”企业所做的研究是[40]基于2011年3月31日以前的相关数据之上的。
Catalyst称，这些细微的数据变化[41]在统计学上意义不大。
Catalyst机构总裁兼[42]首席执行官艾琳·朗表示，尽管如此，考虑到美国政坛的变化，商界女性的前景将会[43]改观。
朗说：“总的说来，我们[44]期待看到明年的变化。股东、决策者和公众都在期待改变。”
她说：“大家都在说：‘我们不要[45]再维持现状，我们需要新的理念，新的面孔。”’
【说明文：女性在商界高管和高薪员工中所占的比例没有太大的改观】
第一段：提出结论——女性在获得商界高管职位方面没有取得明显进步，但前景看好。
第二至五段：用Catalyst机构调查得出的具体对比数据，说明女性在商界高管和高薪员工中所占的比例没有太大的变化。
第六至八段：Catalyst的总裁艾琳表示由于多种因素，商界女性的前景将会改观。
【答案解析】
36.J
语法判断：空格前为make，空格后为in the year ahead，因此应填入名词，且应与make形成合适的搭配。
语义判断：前文说：“2011年美国女性在获得商界高管职位方面没有取得明显进步，但……”从语义上的转折可以判断，此部分应是表达“明年女性会取得进展”，make strides既合语法，亦合语义，故J为正确答案。
37.I
语法判断：空格前为句子的谓语remained，空格后为unchanged。从语法上判断结构完整，因而要填入的应是副词。
语义判断：备选的副词有：essentially和statistically。从上下文语义判断，本句应意为：“在过去一年中，这些公司的董事会和管理层成员或高薪员工中女性的比例基本没有变化。”essentially(基本上)符合语法和句意，故为正确答案。
38.K
语法判断：空格前为a nonprofit group that，空格后为opportunities for women in business。从语法上判断，that引导着一个定语从句，先行词为nonprofit group，作主语，空格处应填入动词，且应为第三人称单数。
语义判断：备选项中的动词或可能用作动词的有：changes、based、promising、promotes、confused、held 和expecting。promotes(促进，提升)符合语法和句意，即：“促进女性在商界的职业发展”。
39.N
语法判断：空格前为corporate officer positions，空格后为by women，因而应填入过去分词。
语义判断：备选项中的过去分词有：based、confused、held。比较可知held符合句意，即：“2011年公司的管理层职位中有15.7%由女性担任”。
40.C
语法判断：空格前为was，空格后为on data as of…，很有可能要填入动词的过去分词。
语义判断：备选项中的过去分词还有based和confused。based on为固定搭配，代入句中意思也比较通顺。本句意为：“对‘财富500强’企业所做的研究是基于2011年3月31日以前的相关数据之上的。”故答案应为based。注意该空所在句中as of为固定短语，意为“截至”。
41.L
语法判断：空格前为：are not considered，空格后为：significant，句子成分完整，空格中应填入副词。
语义判断：备选项中的副词只剩下statistically，代入后则句子意为：“这些细微的数据变化在统计学上意义不大。”可见statistically既合语法，亦合语义，故为正确答案。42.F
语法判断：空格前为the future…looks more，空格后为逗号，本空应填入形容词。
语义判断：备选项中的形容词或可用作形容词的有：more、promising、businesslike、confused。填入promising则句意为：“商界女性的前景将会改观”。promising修饰future已成为惯用的搭配，表示“未来是有希望的”，也即“前景乐观”。
43.A
语法判断：空格前为president and chief executive，可见空格处应该为职位。
语义判断：chief executive officer(CEO)为“首席执行官”之意，故本空选officer。类似的表达还有：chief financial officer(CFO)首席财务官;chief operation officer(COO)首席运营官等等，考生应该多加积累。
44.O
语法判断：前面是we’re，后面是to see…，很有可能应填入现在分词。此外，下文的When we look at shareholders，decision makers，the general public，they’re looking for change.也为我们解题提供了线索。
语义判断：备选项中是现在分词的还有：surveying和expecting，填入expecting符合语法，同时句意“我们期待看到明年的变化”也较为通顺。
45.E
语法判断：空格前为Don’t give us，空格后为of the status quo。应填入名词或形容词。
语义判断：由后文的“我们需要新的理念，新的面孔”基本可以判断该句的句意应为：不要维持现状。填入more，既符合语法，也符合句意，故为正确答案。
Section B
【答案解析】
46.B
题干意为，内疚感会影响父母做出消费决定，因为他们没有足够的时间陪孩子。注意抓住题干中的关键词guilt和parents’ spending decisions。文章段落中，论及内疚感和影响父母购买决定的内容在B段出现，该段第二句提到，内疚感能够影响父母做出的消费决定，忙碌的父母希望用购买的东西来弥补自己没有足够的时间陪孩子。由此可知，题干对原文进行了同义改写，故答案为B。题干中的affect与原文中的play a role in对应。
47.H
题干意为，新美国梦中心指出，孩子早在两岁的时候就可以形成品牌忠诚度。注意抓住题干中的关键词the Center for a New American Dream，brand loyalties和age two。文章段落中，提到新美国梦中心的内容在H段出现，该段第三句提到，根据新美国梦中心所说，早在两岁的时候就可以建立品牌忠诚度，而等到开始上学的时候，大多数孩子都可以认识几百个品牌标识。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为H。
48.K
题干意为，教育委员会允许企业接近学生是因为他们急需资金和教学材料。注意抓住题干中的关键词school boards。文章段落中，提到教育委员会的内容在K段出现，该段第二句中提到，预算亏空迫使教育委员会允许企业进入校园，以此换取学校急需的资金、计算机和教学材料。题干对原文内容做了概述，故答案为K。
49.O
题干意为，联邦贸易委员会的报告强调了一个事实，即以成人娱乐中各个角色为原型的玩具经常被推销给年幼的孩子。注意抓住题干中的关键词FTC report和highlighted the fact。文章段落中，提到联邦贸易委员会(FTC)有N和O两段，但结合题干中的highlighted the fact可知相关内容在O段，该段第三句提到，联邦贸易委员会的报告还强调了一个事实，即基于成人娱乐中角色的玩具经常被推销给年幼的孩子，题干与原文意思一致，故答案为O。
50.M
题干意为，对于这一代年轻人来说，互联网是他们日常生活的一部分。注意抓住题干中的关键词this generation of young people和Internet。文章段落中，提到这一代年轻人和互联网关系的内容在M段，该段第三句提到，互联网伴随着这一代年轻人长大，互联网是他们日常生活的一部分。由此可知，题干是对原文内容的同义转述，故答案为M。
51.D
题干意为，根据《儿童影响力》这本书所说，“坚持纠缠”不如更圆滑的“重要性纠缠”有效。注意抓住题干中的关键词Kidfluence，persistence nagging，effective和importance nagging。文章段落中，提到《儿童影响力》这本书是在D段，该段第二句提到，“坚持纠缠”(就是一再地恳求)不如更圆滑的“重要性纠缠”有效。由此可知，题干是对原文的同义转述，故答案为D。题干中的less effective than与原文中的not as effective as对应。
52.N
题干意为，依据美国联邦贸易委员会的一份报告，电影、音乐和电子游戏业经常向年幼的儿童推销暴力娱乐。注意抓住题干中的关键词a report released by the U.S.Federal Trade commission和movie，music and video games industries。文章段落中，提到美国联邦贸易委员会的报告和电影等行业的内容在N段，该段第二句中提到，美国联邦贸易委员会2000年发表的一份报告中披露了电影、音乐和电子游戏业是如何习惯性地向年幼的儿童推销暴力娱乐的，由此可知，题干对原文内容进行了同义改写，故答案为N。
53.J
题干意为，口碑营销很适合互联网，因为其互动的环境可以让信息有效传播。注意抓住题干中的关键词buzz marketing和well-suited to the Internet。文章段落中，论及口碑营销和互联网关系的内容在J段出现，该段提到，口碑营销很适合互联网，网上的年轻“网络推销员”利用聊天室和博客在毫无戒备心的用户中传播有关音乐、服饰和其他产品的信息。由此可知，题干对原文进行了同义转述，故答案为J。
54.F
题干意为，一个美国心理健康专家小组认为，利用儿童心理专家来帮助市场营销人员定位儿童需求是不道德的。注意抓住题干中的关键词U.S.mental health professionals，unethical和psychologists。文章段落中;提到美国心理健康专家小组的内容在F段出现，该段第一句提到，一个美国心理健康专家小组发表了一封给美国心理学会(APA)的公开信，要求他们宣布那种让儿童心理学家帮助市场营销人员定位儿童需求的做法是不道德的。题干与原文相符，故答案为F。
55.L
题干意为，根据必胜客的读书奖励计划，完成每月阅读目标的孩子可以获得免费比萨券。注意抓住题干中的关键词Pizza Hut和monthly reading goal。文章段落中，提到必胜客及免费比萨的内容出现在L 段，该段列举的第四点内容中提到，必胜客的读书奖励计划即完成每月阅读目标的儿童可以获得免费比萨券。由此可知，题干是对原文内容的同义转述，故答案为L。
Section C
Passage One
【参考译文】
和大多数人一样，我很早就明白人们会用我的职业来评价我，明白我的工作就是一杆标尺，人们可以用来衡量我有多聪明或者有多少才华。[56]但是，到最近我才失望地发现：我的工作还决定了人们会如何对待我这个人。
去年，我辞去了小镇记者的专职工作，去了一家餐馆当服务员。作为一个靠给别人上菜赚钱的人，曾经有顾客对我说过一些话、做过一些事，而这些话和这些事是他们对泛泛之交的人也断然说不出、做不出的。[57]某天晚上，一个正在打电话的顾客挥手让我走开，一分钟后又用手指示意让我过去，并抱怨说他刚才已经准备点餐了，还问我去哪里了。
上大学的时候，我在暑假也去当过服务员，当时很多人都把我当勤杂工使唤。[58]但当时我还只有19岁，我理所当然地认为那些职场中的大人可以不平等地对待我。另外。当我告诉人们我是大学生以后，他们对我的态度就不一样了。顾客还会开玩笑说，将来有一天坐在桌边等着别人招待的也会是我。
毕业以后，我在一家社区的报社谋了份差事。从第一天上班开始，每个人都会用尊重的语气跟我说话。我想这应该就是职场的运作方式吧——每个人都很友善。
但很快我就发现并非如此。我的座位离一个广告销售代表只有几英尺，而且我们的名字也差不多。所以我们经常会接到打错的电话，本来要找克里斯汀的电话会被转给克里斯蒂。这些打错的电话再明显不过了。也许是因为跟钱有关系，人们从来不用跟克里斯汀讲话的口气跟我说话。
因为我的职位头衔，人们对我以礼相待。所以当我回到餐饮业时，我感到很震惊。
众所周知，在餐厅当服务员需要忍耐很多东西;幸运的是，当你把小费揣进腰包时，很多委屈一下子就烟消云散了。从定义上来看，服务行业是为了满足他人的需求而存在的。[59]然而，好像我的许多顾客都不明白服务员和仆人之间的差别。
现在我正在申请攻读研究生，这意味着将来有一天我会有一份职业，而且那份职业需要人们待我友善才能得到他们想要的东西。[60]我想我会先带他们去吃一顿饭，然后看看他们是如何对待那些以服务他人为生的服务员的。
【议论文：人们会根据他人的职业来对待对方】
第一段：作者的发现：一个人的职业会决定人们对待他的方式。
第二段：辞职后在餐馆当服务员时受到的委屈。
第三段：大学期间在餐馆打工的经历。
第四段：初入职场认为职场里人人都很友善。
第五段：工作久了发现人们会“看人下菜碟”。
第六段：由工作变动带来的前后对比让作者深感震惊。
第七段：人们不明白服务员和仆人之间的差别。
第八段：作者现在的计划和将来的打算。
【答案解析】
56.C
定位：根据题干中的信息词disappointed，可以把答题线索定位到第一段的最后一句。
解析：第一段的最后一句说“但是，到最近我才失望地发现：我的工作还决定了人们会如何对待我这个人”，这与选项C的内容完全吻合。所以本题选C。选项A是作者早就明白的东西，并不是后来才失望地发现的。选项B在文中没有提及，而且很明显是错误的。选项D有一点迷惑性，但是表述得不够恰当，同时也有点以偏概全。
57.A
定位：根据题干的信息定位至文章第二段的最后一句。
解析：作者在第二段的最后一句举了一个例子，说有个顾客先挥手让她走开，后来又用手指招呼她过去，还怪她刚才没让他点餐。从“呼之即来，挥之即去”以及“颠倒是非”的例子中我们可以看出，顾客对待服务员的态度很差。选项A说“有些客人对服务员不够尊重”，所以本题选A。选项B在讨论打电话对人的影响，属于严重偏离主题，可以轻易排除。选项C以女服务员为讨论对象，但是本文并没有提到人们将女服务员当做泛泛之交，也可轻易排除。选项D有点迷惑性，但是作为一个观点来说，还不具有概括性和普遍意义。
58.D
定位：根据题干中的信息词at the age of 19，将答题线索定位到第三段的第二句。
解析：第三段的第二句提到：“……我理所当然地认为那些职场中的大人可以不平等地对待我。”由此可知，她当时对别人把她当勤杂工使唤这件事并不介意。这与选项D的内容是一致的，所以选D。选项A、B、C 表述的都是负面的情绪，如觉得“不公平”、“受伤害”、“尴尬”等，这与作者当时的感受都是相悖的，故排除。
59.B
定位：根据题干中给出的定位信息可以直接回到原文寻找答案。
解析：作者说：“然而，好像我的许多顾客都不明白服务员和仆人之间的差别。”作者刻意强调了差别，就是为了在“服务员”和“仆人”之间划一条清晰的界线，也是为了让人们搞清楚：不应该把“服务员”当作“仆人”来使唤。所以，本题要选B。选项A说从事服务业的人注定(destined to)会被看不起，选项C说从事服务业的人不得不(have to)忍受别人的粗暴对待，这两项显然与文章的立意是相悖的。选项D 说大多数客人把“仆人”看作“服务员”，与文章中提到的问题本末倒置，故也排除。
60.A
定位：根据题干中的信息词take…to dinner，可以把答题线索定位到文章的最后一段。
解析：作者说：“我想我会先带他们去吃一顿饭，然后看看他们是如何对待那些以服务他人为生的服务员的。”因为作者曾经当过服务员，受过一些她认为不应该忍受的委屈，而且她知道人们会“看人下菜碟”，时不同的人采取不同的态度。作者从心里厌恶这样的人和这样的行为，她这样做的目的就是要看看“他们是什么样的人”，所以本题选A。选项B是错的，如果要体验不一定非要带上他人。选项C、D 也是错误的，因为它们与作者“要平等对待服务人员”的观点是相违背的。
Passage Two
【参考译文】
[61]对于富豪们来说，2007年有哪些是热门话题?价值730万美元的钻石戒指。去坦桑尼亚狩猎的旅行。对了，还有收入不均的问题。
当然，有些左翼亿万富翁比如乔治·索罗斯，多年来一直在痛斥收入不均的现象。但是越来越多的中间派和右翼亿万富翁也开始担心起收入不均和中产阶级的命运来了。
[62]12月份，莫蒂默·朱克曼在他的《美国新闻与世界报道》中写了一篇专栏文章。这位在美国富豪榜中排名第117位的富豪这样哀叹道：“我国中产阶级的核心竞争力正在被逐步瓦解。大部分的经济收入都进了收入最高的那帮人的腰包了。相比之下。工薪阶层的平均家庭收入已经连续五年呈下降趋势。”他指出，“数以千万计的美国人担心一场大病就能让他们破产”。
面对朱克曼因美国中产阶级的痛苦挣扎所表现出来的愤怒，小威尔伯·罗斯做出了回应。“仅仅因为他们所在的公司破产后医疗保险被终止，美国人的平均寿命就应该缩短吗?这真让人感到气愤。”这位国际钢铁集团的前任主席说。
[63]这是怎么了?富豪们就像你我一样时髦，而且当涉及政治和政策的时候.也是如此。看看近期国会的权利变更，看看诸如提高最低工资等措施的受欢迎程度，再看看加州州长为全民医疗所做的努力，这些人就算没有私人天气预报员也知道风在往哪个方向吹了。
[64]有这样一种可能性，即有钱有势的人向挣扎的中产阶级表示同情，部分是为了让自己逃脱没收性的税收政策。但是，就算收入不均可能会导致对富人征收更多的税，他们也不会晚上睡不着觉。他们完全可以承受。
不，他们害怕的是由于收入分配不均和经济不安全等问题的现状，美国会在继续支持全球经济一体化方面遭受更大的政治阻力。
换句话说，如果美国的中产阶级继续为了钱苦苦挣扎，而有钱人却变得更加富有的话，那么要想在政治上继续支持跨国商品、服务和资金的自由流动就会更加困难。[65]然后，当美国对国外的投资者和商品设置障碍的时候，其他国家也很有可能会采取相应的行动。时于那些在全球范围内买卖公司或者在全球市场上配置资金的人来说，这才是真正的噩梦。
【议论文：富翁对收入分配不均问题的关注】
第一段：引出话题——富豪对收入不均问题的关心。
第二段：富豪关心收入不均问题的新趋势。
第三段：富豪莫蒂默·朱克曼就收入不均的看法。
第四段：小威尔伯·罗斯对朱克曼的言论所做的回应。
第五段：分析原因：政治大背景使然。
第六段：推测一种可能性。
第七段：指出真正的原因。
第八段：进一步解释第七段中提出的原因。
【答案解析】
61.C
定位：根据题干信息词among the very rich，可以把答题线索定位到第一段。
解析：作者在第一段先提出一个问题：“对于富豪们来说，2007年有哪些是热门话题?”然后以自问自答的方式给出了三种答案，其中最后一种就是income inequality(收入不均)。选项C中的the inequality in the distribution of wealth与文中的income inequality属于同义替换，所以本题选C。选项A、B、D中讲到的“巨富们的命运”、“中产阶级的分化”和“左翼和右翼的冲突”都不是本文的主题，很容易就可以排除。
62.C
定位：根据题干信息词Mortimer Zuckerman和lamentation，可以把答题线索定位到文章的第三段。其中lamentation在文中是以其动词形式(lament)出现的。
解析：文章第三段都在讲莫蒂默·朱克曼关于收入不均的看法。他指出：关国中产阶级的实力被大大削弱了，社会财富越来越集中到少数人的手里，而工薪阶层的平均家庭收入却逐年下降，很多美国人的生活都很艰难。换句话说，美国社会的两极分化已经越来越严重了，所以本题选C。选项A、B文章中均没有提及。选项D说大部分美国人从国家的财富增长中几乎没有获益，但文章中提到“工薪阶层的平均家庭收入已经连续五年呈下降趋势”，工薪阶层的收入不但没有增长反而是下降的，而且majority 这个词过于含糊，所以本选项的表述不恰当。
63.B
定位：根据题干信息词定位到文章的第五段。
解析：第五段的前两句用设问句指出了富人紧跟政策潮流。然后第三句进行了解释，本题的难点就在于正确理解这句话。该句的主句是以these guys引导的部分，其前半部分则是以given引导的状语，而“近期国会的权利变更”、“诸如提高最低工资等措施的受欢迎程度”以及“加州州长为全民医疗所做的努力”是三个并列的成分。given引导的内容都是美国近期政治上的一些动向，然后主句说these guys (指美国的富人)“知道风在往哪个方向吹了”，美国富人如此“见风使舵”可以说明他们的政治敏感性较高，所以本题要选B。选项A严重偏离主题，明显错误。选项C和D在文中均未提及。
64.C
定位：根据题干信息词plutocrats和express solidarity with the middle class可以把答题线索定位到第六段。
解析：第六段先提出了一种假设，但是作者又把它推翻了。所以答案不在第六段，要接着往下文找。第七段很明确地提出了作者的观点，即作者认为“他们害怕的是由于收入分配不均和经济不安全等问题的现状，美国会在继续支持全球经济一体化方面遭受更大的政治阻力”。换句话说，他们想为全球经济一体化争取更多的支持，所以本题要选C。选项A对应的是第六段，但这个原因已经被作者否定了。选项B在文中没有提及。选项D中的economic insecurity虽然在文中出现，但作者并没有明确指出它对富人构成了威胁。
65.D
定位：根据题干信息词the United States places obstacles，可以把答题线索定位到文章最后一段的第二句。
解析：最后一段的第二句提到：“当美国对国外的投资者和商品设置障碍的时候，其他国家也很有可能会采取相应的行动。”这句话正好回答了这个问题，故本题要选D。选项A、B在文中没有提及。富人们去国外买公司是早就有的事，不用等到将来，所以选项C也不对。
Part Ⅳ Translation
【参考答案】
Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) is an integral part of Chinese culture. It has made great contributions to the prosperity of China. Today both TCM and western medicine are being used in providing medical and health services in China. TCM, with its unique diagnostic methods, systematic approach, abundant historical literature and materials, has attracted a lot of attention from the international community. In China, TCM is under the administration of State Administration of TCM and Pharmacology. National strategies, laws and regulations governing TCM are now in place to guide and promote the research and development in this promising industry. TCM is defined as a medical science governing the theory and practice of traditional Chinese medicine. It includes Chinese medication, herbalogy, acupuncture, massage and qigong.
【难点精析】
1.不可分割的一部分：可译为an integral part。
2.为振兴华夏做出了巨大的贡献：可译为has made great contributions to the prosperity of China，其中“华夏”即“中国”或“中华”，可直接译为China;“振兴”此处翻译成了名词形式prosperity，还可译为revitalization;“做出了巨大的贡献”可译为has made great contributions。
3.并驾齐驱：此处指两者(中医和西医)都得以应用，可简单地翻译为both are being used。
4.独特的诊断手法、系统的治疗方式和丰富的典籍材料：三个并列的名词短语，可分别译为unique diagnostic methods，systematic approach和abundant historical literature and materials;“典籍材料”可理解为历史文献资料，翻译为historical literature and materials。
5.引导并促进这一新兴产业的研究和开发：“引导”译为guide;“促进”可译为promote，还可译为facilitate或further;“新兴产业”可译为promising industry，还可译为new industry或emerging industry。
6.中医疗法：译为Chinese medication。
答案速查表
1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C 5. B
6. D 7. B 8. C 9. A 10. B
11. A 12. B 13. D 14. B 15. C
16. D 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. C
21. D 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. B
26. dominated 27. slipped
28. perceptions 29. reputation
30. based on 31. institutions
32. followed by 33. underlying
34. decline 35. Relative to
36. J 37. I 38. K 39. N 40. C
41. L 42. F 43. A 44. O 45. E
46. B 47. H 48. K 49. O 50. M
51. D 52. N 53. J 54. F 55. L
56. C 57. A 58. D 59. B 60. A
61. C 62. C 63. B 64. C 65. D