Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
Sleep is part of a person's daily 36 cycle. There are several different stages of sleep and they occur in cycles, If you are an 37 sleeper, your sleep cycle is as follows. When you first drift off into slumber, your eyes will roll about a bit, your
38 will drop slightly, your 39 will relax, and your 40 will slow and become quite 41 Your brain waves slow down a bit too with the alpha rhythm of rather fast waves 42 for the first few minutes. This is called stage 1 sleep. For the next half hour or so as you relax more and more you will drift down through stage 2 and stage 3 sleep. The lower your stage of sleep the slower your brain waves will be. Then about 40 to 60 minutes after you lose 43 you will have reached the deepest sleep of all.
44. This is stage 4 sleep.
You do not remain at this deep fourth stage all night long, but instead about 80 minutes after you fall into slumber, your brain activity level will increase again slightly. The delta rhythm will disappear to be replaced by the activity pattern of brain waves. 45.
This period of rapid eye movement lasts for some ~ to 15 minutes and is called REM sleep. It is during REM sleep that most dreams seem to occur. 46 .You will slip gently back from stage I to 4.
Part IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer sheet 2.
Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.
Every Western doctor is required to take the Hippocratic oath，by which they swear to never harm their patients.Unfortunately，as medical history shows，many doctors did not make good on this promise.Instead，they resorted to quackery(庸医的医术)，and made a living out of fooling people who sought medical help.
In the past，quack doctors claimed to have“fixed”problems from poor eyesight to cancer and smallpox (天花).They claimed to be able to work medical miracles，relying on public ignorance of medicine for their “success”.In addition，well-meaning doctors often advocated treatments that harmed their patients instead of helping them：procedures such as bloodletting often made worse the suffering they were intended to ease.
The typical feature of quackery is ignorance.Unwary people are easily taken in by claims of the doctors they trust.For example，in the 1800s，psychologists commonly used basket-shaped devices to determine personality，with questionable benefit.Based on the idea that different parts of the brain control different character traits, the devices determined personality by measuring the size and shape of people’s heads!
Of all the ridiculous devices created by quacks，the most inventive was perhaps the“radionic”machine.Inthe early 1900s，quacks claimed radionics could diagnose any sickness，even though the devices were just wooden boxes with lights inside.After radionic diagnosis，patients were sent home with the assurance that they would get well.No medicine was prescribed because，quacks claimed，the radionic machine would broadcast the cure to patients，much like radio stations broadcast music!
The quackery of the 19th and early 20th centuries was not limited to the use of strange devices，nor to crooked doctors.Nor were quack procedures anything new.
The practice of bloodletting had been a popular treatment for over a millennium. In the name of medicine, large volumes of blood were drained from people’s bodies to cure their sicknesses.Death，more often than not,
was the outcome, though usually the disease was blamed rather than the loss of blood.
It’s easy to look back on the past and brand questionable medical procedures as quackery.However, hindsight(事后诸葛亮)is 20/20.Perhaps in the future，people will look back on some of today’s medical practices with similar suspicion.
47. In the past, many doctors managed to fool patients by taking advantage of ___________
48. Using a basket-shaped device, psychologists in the 1800s would measure the size and shape of one’s head to ___________.
49. Why didn’t the quacks prescribe any medicine for their patients after radionic diagnosis?
50. As a popular medical treatment in the past, bloodletting usually caused death instead of __________.
51. What is the possible conclusion of the article?
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