Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上；请在答题卡2上作答。
Part Ⅳ Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth) (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a short passage with 5 questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Please write your answers on Answer Sheet 2.
Questions 47 to 51 are based on the following passage.
The prospects for women who are scientists and engineers at major research universities have improved, although women continue of face inequalities in salary and access to some other resources, a panel of the National Research Council concludes in a new report.
In recent years “men and women faculty in science, engineering and mathematics have enjoyed comparable opportunities,” the panel said in its report, released on Tuesday. It found that women who apply for university jobs and, once they have them, for promotion and tenure（教师任期）, are at least as likely to succeed as men. But compared with their numbers among new Ph.D.’s, women are still underrepresented（未被充分代表的）in applicant pools, a puzzle that offers an opportunities for further research, the panel said.
The panel said one factor outshined all others in encouraging women to apply for jobs: having women on the committees appointed to fill them.
In another report this week in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers at the
“US girls have now reached parity（平等）with boys, even in high school and even for measures requiring complex problem solving,” the Wisconsin researchers said. Although girls are still underrepresented in the ranks of young math prodigies, they said, that gap is narrowing, which undermines claims that a greater prevalence of profound mathematical talent in males is biologically determined. The researchers said this and other phenomenon “ provide abundant evidence for the impact of socio-cultural and other environmental factors on the development of mathematical skills and talent and the size, if any, of math gender gaps.”
The research council. an arm of the National Academy of Sciences, convened its expert panel at the request of Congress. The panel surveyed six disciplines—biology, chemistry, mathematics, civil and electrical engineering and physics----and based its analysis on interviews with faculty members at 89 institutions and data from federal agencies, professional societies and other sources.
The panel was led by Claude Canizares, a physicist who is vice president for research at M.I. T., and Dr. Sally Shaywitz of
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2 上作答。
47. In spite of much improvement, women still remain confronted with the inequalities in
.
48. Compared to the number of men Ph.D. in applicant pools, women Ph.D. are still ____
___________.
49. Researchers at the
50. Those factors that affect the development of mathematical skills and talent are _
_________.
51. The panel has studied six disciplines and their analysis is based on _________ at 89
institutions as well as data from federal agencies, professional societies and other sources.
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 52 to 56 are based on the following passage.
An epidemic of swine flu has recently developed in
Flu is a disease caused by the influenza virus. Humans, pigs, birds and other animals all can be infected by influenza viruses. Typically, influenza viruses can infect only one species, so the influenza viruses of humans are different from those pigs and birds. However, sometimes a virus can infect more than one species. For example, pigs sometimes can be infected not only with pig influenza viruses, but also with human and bird influenza viruses. Then these viruses can come up to one another secretly and swap (交换) genes, creating new viruses that have a mix of genes---from human, pig, and bird viruses. That is what has happened with this new swine flu virus.
Sometimes this swapping of genes allows a virus that was originally able to infect only pigs or only birds to also infect humans. When that happens, we refer to the illness as" swine flu" or" bird flu". This current virus could actually be called "swine/bird flu" , since it has some genes from pig flu viruses and other genes from bird flu viruses.
Most viruses that cause swine flu or bird flu are very hard to pass from one human to another; they don't cause, epidemics. Sometimes, however, further changes in gene create a virus that can spread rapidly among humans, and can produce a more severe illness. One reason this illness is more severe is that the virus is so new. The regular flu that comes each year is caused by a regular human influenza virus that often has similarities to the viruses that have caused the flu in years past, so people have some degree of immunity to the latest virus. The unusual swine flu or bird flu viruses that develop the ability for person-to-person spread are so different that people have little or no immunity to them.
The worst global pandemic in modern times was the influenza pandemic of 1918 to 1919. It affected about a third of the human race, and killed at least 40 million people in less than a year---more than have been killed by AIDS in three decades. The world economy went into a deep recession. The average length of life dropped for 10 years.
Unfortunately, the new swine flu virus can be transmitted between humans. It is not clear yet how easily it is transmitted, nor how it is transmitted. Almost surely it is transmitted by sneezing and coughing, and by skin-to-skin contact with an infected person.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
52. According to the passage, a pandemic .
A) proves to be identical to an epidemic.
B) always follows an epidemic.
C) tends to be widespread and produces more serious disease
D) turns out be fatal to people who get infected
53. What can we know about the present epidemic ---swine flu?
A) The genes of the flu virus come from pigs.
B) It will soon spread and cause a pandemic.
C) There has been further change in the genes of the viruses.
D) It is similar to the influenza pandemic of 1918 to 1919.
54. Why is the swine flu very dangerous to humans?
A) Because it is fatal and has killed many people.
B) Because it has spread to many countries.
C) Because people know nothing about it.
D) Because people know no immunity to it.
55. What can know about the influenza pandemic of 1918 to 1919?
A) It is the only large-scale epidemic in modern times.
B) It killed about one third of the world’s population.
C) It killed more people than AIDS did.
D) It had a great impact on the world’s economy.
56. What do scientists say about the transmission of the swine flu virus?
A) It is easily transmitted from person to person.
B) It remains unclear how it is transmitted.
C) It is transmitted by sneezing or coughing.
D) It is transmitted by skin-to-skin contact.
Passage Two
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
Every other week it seems a new study comes out that adds to our already-formidable store of parental worries. But even by those upgraded standards, the report issued last week by the federal government’s National Center for Health Statistics contained a jaw-dropper: the parents of nearly one of every five boys in the United States were concerned enough about what they saw as their son’s emotional or behavioral problems that they consulted a doctor or a health-care professional. By comparison, about one out of 10 parents of girls reported these kinds of problems.
The report confirms what many of us have been observing for some time now that lots of school-age boys are struggling. And, parents are intensely worried about them.
What is bothering our sons? Some experts suggest we are witnessing an epidemic of ADHD and say boys need more treatment. Others say that environmental pollutants found in plastics, among other things, may be eroding their attention spans and their ability to regulate their emotions.
Those experts may be right but I have another suggestion. Let's examine the way our child rearing and our schools have evolved in the last10 years. Then ask ourselves this challenging question: could some of those changes we have embraced in our families, our communities and our schools be driving our sons crazy?
Instead of unstructured free play, parents now schedule their kids' time from dawn till dusk (and sometimes beyond). By age 4, an ever-increasing number of children are enrolled in preschool. There, Instead of learning to get along with other kids, hold crayon (蜡笔) and play Duck, Duck, Goose, children barely out of diapers are asked to fill out work sheets, learn calculation or study Mandarin. The drumbeat (鼓声) early academics gets even louder when they enter" real" school. Veteran teachers will tell you that first graders are now routinely expected to master a curriculum that, only 15 years ago, would have been considered appropriate for second, even third graders. The way we teach children has changed, too. In many communities, elementary schools have become test-prep factories---where standardized testing begins in kindergarten and" teaching to the test" is considered a virtue. At the same time, recess (休息时间) is being pushed aside in order to provide extra time for reading and math drills. So is history and opportunities for hands-on activities---like science labs and art. Active play is increasingly frowned on---some schools have even banned recess and tag. In the wake of school shootings like the tragedy at Virginia Tech, kids who stretch out a pointer finger, bend their thumb and shout" pow! "are regarded with suspicion and not a little fear.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
57. What are many American parents concerned about according to the first paragraph?
A) Their children's health problems.
B) Their children's emotional and behavioral problems.
C) The report issued by
D) The studies that come out every other week.
58. What might be the reason that caused the problems among the boys according to the author?
A) The wide spread of ADHD.
B) Environmental pollutants found in things we use.
C) The way children are reared and educated
D) Over-attention from parents
59. What do most parents expect of their children in preschools?
A) The ability to get along with other children
B) The freedom to learn what they like
C) Enjoyment of free play
D) Good academic performance
60. What do elementary schools encourage children to do according to the passage?
A) To put all their time and energy into reading and math drills.
B) To do more quiet activities instead of active ones.
C) To use more recess time for hands-on activities.
D) To develop good virtues along with good academic performance.
61. What does the author want the parents to be aware of?
A) Their boys have emotional or behavioral problems.
B) The present way of educating children might have problems.
C) Children need more time and concern from parents.
D) It is no good sending children to preschools.
Part Ⅴ Cloze (15 minutes)
Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A),B),C), and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上作答。
|
From childhood to old age, all of us have to use language as a means of broadening our knowledge of ourselves and the world around us. When humans first __62__, they were like new-born children, unable to use this __63__ tool. Yet once language developed, the possibilities for human kind's future __64__ and cultural growth increased. Many linguists believe that evolution is __65__ for human’s ability to produce and use languages. They __66__ that our highly evolved brain provides us __67__ an innate language ability not found in lower __68__. Proponents （支持者） of this innateness theory say that our __69__ for language is inborn, but that language itself develops gradually, __70__ a function of the growth of the brain during childhood. Therefore there are critical __71__ times for language development. Current__72__ of innateness theory are mixed, however, evidence supporting the existence of some innate abilities is undeniable. __73__, more and more schools are discovering that foreign languages are best taught in __74__ grades. Young children often can learn several languages by being __75__ to them, while adults have a much harder time learning another language once the __76__ of their first language have become firmly fixed. __77__ some aspects of language are undeniably innate, language does not develop automatically in a vacuum. Children who have been __78__ from other human beings do not possess languages. This demonstrates that __79__ with other human beings is necessary for proper language development. Some linguists believe that this is even more basic to human language __80__ than any innate capacities. These theorists view language as imitative, learned behavior. __81__, children learn language from their parents by imitating them. Parents gradually shape their children's language skills by positively reinforcing precise imitations and negatively reinforcing imprecise ones. |
62. A) generated B) evolved C) born D) originated 63. A) valuable B) appropriate C) convenient D) favorite 64. A) attainments B) feasibility C) entertainments D) evolution 65. A) essential B) available C) reliable D) responsible 66. A) confirm B) inform C) claim D) convince 67. A) for B) from C) of D) with 68. A) organizations B) organisms C) humans D) children 69. A) potential B) performance C) preference D) passion 70. A) as B) just as C) like D) unlike 71. A) ideological B) biological C) social D) psychological 72. A) recommendation B) reference C) reaction D) reviews 73. A) Thus B) However C) Indeed D) Moreover 74. A) various B) different C) advanced D) lower 75. A) revealed B) exposed C) engaged D) involved 76. A) regulations B) formations C) rules D) constitutions 77. A) Although B) Whether C) Since D) When 78. A) distinguished B) different C) protected D) isolated 79. A) exposition B) comparison C) contrast D) interaction 80. A) acquisition B) appreciation C) requirement D) alternative 81. A) In any case B) In a word C) In other words D) In no case |
Part Ⅵ Translation (5 minutes)
Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2.
82. He told us he had learnt French for years, but what he said _________ （结果证明是假的）.
83. _ _________ （尽管还是一个有争议的话题）, there is a growing consensus that
global
climate changes are being caused by environmental pollution.
84. The special committee recommended that _________ （这项工程不应动工）until all the preparations have been made.
85. We’d better struggle for the future _________ （而不是为过去而懊悔）.
86. Everybody, _________ （不论其种族背景和宗教信仰是什么）, has the right to go about his or her life free from threat and attack.
注意：此部分试题在答题卡2上作答。
答题卡一
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic Stars Acting as Sales Models for Advertisements. You should write at least 150 words and base your composition on the outline given below.
1. 现在有越来越多的明星为某产品代言广告；
2. 明星代言广告的原因；
3. 你的观点。
8. More than a hundred billion kilowatt-hours are used annually to provide the energy for .
9. A traditional development pattern for IT industry will cause a rapid increase in .
10. IBM expects to transfer the heat generated by Internet into energy to warm
.
答题卡二
He was a funny-looking man with a cheerful face, good-natured and a great talker. He was (36)__________by his student, the great philosopher Plato, as “the best and most just and wisest man.” Yet this same man was (37) __________ to death for his beliefs by a jury composed of the leading figures of the time in
The man was the Greek philosopher Socrates, and he was put to death for not believing in the recognized gods and for (38)_______ young people. The second charge stemmed from his (39)_____ with numerous young men who came to
world to study under him.
Socrates’ method of teaching was to ask question and, by (41) ______ _ not to know the answers, to（42）______ _ his students into thinking for themselves. His teachings had （43）___________ influence on all the great Greek and Roman schools of philosophy. Yet for all his fame and influence, Socrates himself never wrote a word.
Socrates (44)_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________ in
Socrates (45) ______________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________ .But Socrates, as a firm believer in law, reasoned that it was proper to submit to the death sentence. (46) _________________________________________________________________________